Bibliography

Links I used throughout the year. 👍 

Codrea-Rado, A. (2017) Emmanuel Macron Says Return of African Artifacts Is a Top Priority. TheNew York Times:
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/29/arts/emmanuel-macron-africa.html
United Nations. (2007) Declaration of the rights of indigenous peoples:
https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-
content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf
Gbadamosi, N. (2022) Africa’s stolen art debate is frozen in time. Foreign Policy:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/05/15/africa-art-museum-europe-restitution-debate-book-
colonialism-artifacts/
(2018) Africans cheer call for France to return treasures. TRTWorld:
https://www.trtworld.com/art-culture/africans-cheer-call-for-france-to-return-treasures-
21859#:~:text=African%20museum%20directors%20on%20Wednesday,on%20other%20former%
20colonial%20powers.
Hunt, T. (2019) Should museums return their colonial artefacts? The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/jun/29/should-museums-return-their-colonial-
artefactbiography on Alicia Frankovich, Ocula:
https://ocula.com/artists/alicia-frankovich/
Alicia Frankovich, Gertrude:
https://gertrude.org.au/artist/alicia-frankovich
Alicia Frankovich, Artfacts:
https://artfacts.net/artist/alicia-frankovich/182438
(2016) Alicia Frankovich’s Full Biography, Ocula:
https://ocula.com/magazine/insights/alicia-frankovich-at-starkwhite-auckland/
(2012) Walter Prize, Alicia Frankovich, Auckland Art Gallery:
https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/page/the-walters-prize-2012?q=%2Fpage%2Fthe-walters-
prize-2012
(2021) Alicia Frankovich, Arts Cabinet:
https://www.artscabinet.org/seeingfireperspectivesthroughartandscience/aliciafrankovich
A, Horowitz. (2011) Marks Theory of Alienation, Liberal Arts and Professional Studies:
https://www.yorku.ca/horowitz/courses/lectures/35_marx_alienation.html#:~:text=Alienation
%20is%20the%20objective%20structure,it%20is%20natural%20and%20jst.
P, Gasper (2021) Capitalism and alienation, ISR:
https://isreview.org/issue/74/capitalism-and-alienation/index.html
G, Carter (2014) Alienation in Capitalism, University of Hampshire Scholars’ Repository:
https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1195&context=honors
F, Yalvac (2022) Alienation and Marxism, E-International Relations:

Kasperkevic, J. (2016) Science and tech have a gender problem – These programs want to
change that. The Guardian:

https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/aug/13/science-tech-engineering-math-stem-
jobs-gender-gap-new-york
Long, B (2019, Uploaded) Physical Culture, Internet Archive:
https://archive.org/details/PhysicalCultureJuly1922/page/n133/mode/2up
(2022) Womens Reproductive Rights, Law Library:
https://library.law.howard.edu/civilrightshistory/women/reproductiverights
(2022) Overturning Roe V Wade, United Nations:
https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/06/1121312
(2022) Roe V. Wade, Birtannica:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sarah-Weddington


United Nations. (2007) Declaration of the rights of indigenous peoples:
https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-
content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf
Gbadamosi, N. (2022) Africa’s stolen art debate is frozen in time. Foreign Policy:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/05/15/africa-art-museum-europe-restitution-debate-book-
colonialism-artifacts/
(2018) Africans cheer call for France to return treasures. TRTWorld:
https://www.trtworld.com/art-culture/africans-cheer-call-for-france-to-return-treasures-
21859#:~:text=African%20museum%20directors%20on%20Wednesday,on%20other%20former%
20colonial%20powers.
Hunt, T. (2019) Should museums return their colonial artefacts? The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/jun/29/should-museums-return-their-colonial-
artefacts

Oxford Learner’s Dictionary:
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/
Etymonline – History of Knowledge:
https://www.etymonline.com/word/knowledge
ScienceDirect – Epistemology by Pauline Couper, 2020:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-
sciences/epistemology#:~:text=Epistemology%20is%20the%20study%20of,in%20understanding%20
how%20knowledge%20plays
Omicsonline – Deconstructing the terminology of spirituality by Efthymios Tzounis, October
25, 2017:
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/constructing-and-deconstructing-the-terminology-of-
spirituality-a-journeyback-to-the-greek-
roots.php?aid=94448#:~:text=The%20modern%20English%20term%20’spirituality,to%20blow%20an
d%20to%20live.
Etymonline – Land:
https://www.etymonline.com/word/land

Wikipedia – Bill Hammond, 2022:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Hammond
AskArt – Bill Hammond Biography:
https://www.askart.com/artist/Bill_Hammond/11037741/Bill_Hammond.aspx
Stuff – Bill Hammond Article, by Charlie Gates, February 6th, 2021:
https://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/300222645/funny-generous-a-great-drummer-
and-a-giant-of-new-zealand-art

T.C.D.C – Pauanui airfield
https://www.tcdc.govt.nz/Our-Services/Airfields/Pauanui-Airfield-NZUN/
Stats NZ – Statistical area 1 datasheet, 12 March 2020
https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/statistical-area-1-dataset-for-2018-census-updated-march-2020 Landcaster Castle, 23 August 2010:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_Castle
NZ Today – Marton, New Zealand, April 11, 2019:
https://nztoday.co.nz/the-grande-dames-of-marton



United Nations. (2007) Declaration of the rights of indigenous peoples:
https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-
content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf
Gbadamosi, N. (2022) Africa’s stolen art debate is frozen in time. Foreign Policy:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/05/15/africa-art-museum-europe-restitution-debate-book-
colonialism-artifacts/
(2018) Africans cheer call for France to return treasures. TRTWorld:
https://www.trtworld.com/art-culture/africans-cheer-call-for-france-to-return-treasures-
21859#:~:text=African%20museum%20directors%20on%20Wednesday,on%20other%20former%
20colonial%20powers.
Hunt, T. (2019) Should museums return their colonial artefacts? The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/jun/29/should-museums-return-their-colonial-
artefacts




2
United Nations. (2007) Declaration of the rights of indigenous peoples:
https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-
content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf
Gbadamosi, N. (2022) Africa’s stolen art debate is frozen in time. Foreign Policy:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/05/15/africa-art-museum-europe-restitution-debate-book-
colonialism-artifacts/
(2018) Africans cheer call for France to return treasures. TRTWorld:
https://www.trtworld.com/art-culture/africans-cheer-call-for-france-to-return-treasures-
21859#:~:text=African%20museum%20directors%20on%20Wednesday,on%20other%20former%
20colonial%20powers.
Hunt, T. (2019) Should museums return their colonial artefacts? The Guardian:
https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2019/jun/29/should-museums-return-their-colonial-
artefacts

Semester 2, Week 13

This week I just spent time preparing my work and hanging them up. I ended up choosing 9 of my works, any less than 9 looked a bit small but over 9 looked a bit cluttered so I think this was the sweet spot. I also wanted to lay out some of my works in a row (one on top and one on the bottom) but it looked a bit weird with the rest of the layout so I ended up just keeping them on one line but with smaller gaps between connected works, which I think looks much cleaner.

I will spend the last day tomorrow just fixing/adjusting little things like the placement. I also need to clean up my area and take everything home which shouldn’t take too long as I’ve already packed it all into one corner and taken some of the scraps home today.

Semester 2, Week 12

I got a few more works done this week in preparation for the open night, I did 2 sets of watercolour landscapes with character silhouettes and they turned out better than I expected, a bit of smudging on most sides of the works but overall pretty happy with their outcome. I had a lot of fun messing around with watercolour, I did a spikey collagey background for one of my prints. I probably won’t hang it on the wall but it is still pretty cool nonetheless.

We also painted the walls back to white, really messed up the grey darkness for the first layer and ended up messing around and doing a whole bunch of bad layering for the wall so it took me a lot longer to fix the wall up but all is ok. The wall is still slightly grey because we ran out of white paint, but it’s pretty good for now. (Bottom right photo is of the final grey layer before the white paint)

Semester 2, Week 11

This week I went back and touched up my earlier paintings, the top one I absolutely despise, its just far to blunt and tacky for my liking. But the one below it was better, the highlights were a little more subtle and I think the piece looks a little better but it still feels like somethings missing, maybe I need to play with the background but I don’t want to mess it up like last time!

The bottom pieces are another tonal value study which I kept messing up the skies, it just go to crowded with colour so next time I need to pull back a bit. I like the quality and size of the little piece but the big one just feels like an expanded version of the little one with no more depth or texture added to it. So maybe next week I might try and play around with the big one and see what texture I can create, etc.

This week I really focused on the textures and the way I applied the paint more than focusing on the image its self and I really enjoyed how they turned out (The third pieces of left and middle row) they have more of a vibe / mood to them compared to the attempts above them. Next time I think I would use smaller brushes compared to only big brushes like I was doing before, to add some more finer textures on the mountains.

The puffer jacket man was quite fun to paint and play with the texture / way of spreading the paint to express the texture of the puffer jacket. I think it turned out nicely, always room for better detailing and improvement but its a good step.

Also the bottom left wasn’t a study of anything but was just a bit of a play around with paint markers which I think turned out pretty cool for a quick work.

Semester 2, Week 10

This week we just spent more time looking at pictures and breaking them down into there basic forms, working on tonal values and the shapes / shading that comes from the image. Also using different verbs / ways to apply the paint eg: Scrape, smear and tap, I enjoyed my experimentations and was quite quick with my making giving me the chance to quickly build up and play with ideas. I enjoy the effectiveness of the scraping and how it adds depth and texture to my works so I plan to try that out a little more in the future. I’m not overly happy with the top right works so I will probably come back to them at a later date to spice them up a bit.

I also need to get 2 books out about some of my chosen artist for next week, hopefully ill find some time to do this as the rest of this week will be very busy!

Painting – Research, Week 9

This is a quick analysis/observation of some of the artist’s models that I liked and my thoughts on their works. A lot of the artists I picked had great colour usage and texture quality, as they seemed to be the things that really caught my eye and made their pieces stand out from the rest.

My Favorites of the lot would have to be Daniel Richter, Jorg Immendorff and Michael Armitage.

“Solo”

Jorg Immendorff: I enjoy the way Jorg uses flat colours for the backgrounds (Only some of his works) and layers them with finer brushes to build up the detail. It almost looks like he used colouring pencils or markers to create the details, which has a really nice effect that I would like to use in my own art.

“DIE WAHRHEIT BEI NACHT”

Daniel Richter: I like Daniel’s abstract ideas and how there’s more you pick up on every time you look at his work, almost getting a new viewing experience each time. How he uses bright colours and somehow makes them fit the mood of the dark backgrounds is really impressive to me, and I would like to learn more about how to keep the mood while adding that flare to it. It’s such a great way to add interest to a piece.

“Capri By Night”

Martin Kippenberger: I enjoy the way Martin uses short or straight brush strokes to create some of his images, specifically the one above. It has great colour depth and shape while using this brush style, which I find very pleasing to the eye.

“Beam”

Michael Raedecker: I enjoy the simplicity of Michael’s works and how they keep just enough information to convey a mood through his works. I especially enjoy his use of shadows in this work, and I’ll definitely be trying this out in one of my future works. His use of textures and how he allows them to flow in and out of his works (not shown in the above work) is very interesting to look at and adds another layer of interest to his works.

“Dresden Neustadt 1”

Oskar Kokoschka: I enjoy the way he focuses more on the tonal value, composition, shading, etc. To convey what the work of art is trying to represent rather than just detailing it, which is really impressive. I would love to try this, but you can definitely tell that he has developed this “style” from his hours and hours of practice, even though he makes it look easy.

“The promised land”

Michael Armitage: I love his colour palettes for his pieces, using lots of pastel colours that flow so smoothly together with little extreme contrast while still displaying the same amount of depth. He also has great storytelling in his pieces, almost feeling like snapshots of a dream, making his works very fun to look at. I will definitely be trying to create this kind of mood/aesthetic in my future paintings (at home and in class).

“Der Diagnostiche Blick V”

Lucy Tuymans: I enjoy the purposeful dullness of the colour palettes she often uses. It gives a more realistic everyday life feel to it, which I haven’t really seen that much in painting before and gave me a new perspective on how I could present my artwork.

“Moshekwa”

Marlene Dumas: creates quite abstract takes on the human portrait. slightly messing with the normal tonal variation or warping the face slightly, which gives an interesting effect, making the work almost creepy. which makes her work more engaging to look at, in my opinion.

“Who is sleeping on my pillow”

Mamma Anderson: Although she isn’t known for it, I’ve noticed that a lot of Mamma’s work uses a lot of blank or white space to help emphasize the parts that are painted in her work. which she uses very effectively and which I could definitely learn from and try in some of my work.

“Reformers”

Dana Schutz: Dana’s work is colourful, vibrant, and abstract but still clearly conveys a story. It is impressive the way her works are so chaotic but yet refined and legible. I could really learn a lot from practicing her types of compositions and ways of story-telling. I’ll definitely use her works as reference for my next paintings where I want to tell a story or create a world inside.

Semester 2, Week 9

This week, I did my study works (top left picture, bottom right A4 pieces and bottom left picture) and hanged up the rest of my works from last week. I also primed another 7 surfaces in preparation for next week. We also had a print lab class this week in which I printed a few colour variations of one of my art references which I think turned out nice.

Wednesday we did a little bit of shading and tonal practice with paint which I found rather difficult with the the short amount of time we had to do the works but it was a good learning experience.

Semester 2, Week 8

This was the first week for the painting brief. I started off by finding a bunch of materials and priming them all with gesso, then we grabbed our painted and poured water into it to make it more liquidly.

I also printed my 10 Images in preparation for next week.

With the paint I started with a few A0 pieces of paper using verbs such as splash, drip, smear and flick to create my artworks. I like the concepts behind a lot of them they look quite interesting, definitely not the greatest work but there just concepts and play around pieces so its fine.

I then used a mixture of differently shaped pieces of paper and wood and played around with a few more verbs. I also used a sponge to create the spiral filled one (Top Image, 2nd to the right) which I think is my favourite I enjoy the light layering it has and the blending of colours worked nicely, although I do like most of these ones here. I think it was good that I only used 3 colours as it made me focus on the textures and application style’s instead of the colour. Next time I want to try a few more symmetrical works and / or make some works with obscure objects as painting brushes.

Painting – Artist Research

Ian Davenport:

“Detail of Giardini Colourfall, 2017”
“colour Splat Bang, 2019”

Ian is known for his abstract paintings, where he explores the process of making art. His most recent artworks use such a simple idea of mixing gravity and paint but is so well executed. The many lines of colours all mix at the bottom of the piece which I find really cool, its very satisfying to look at and probably satisfying to make as well! Looks like it uses a lot of paint though so I will have to find away to get around using that much. He also has a similar work where he splashes splotches of paint on the board and lets it drip which is also quite nice to look at and could be something fun to explore.

Jason Martin:

“Untitled”
“Pazz II, 2019”

Jason is a contemporary / abstract painter who often does monochromatic and 3d works. I love the way how he builds up a massive amounts of texture, and how he really focuses in on it and its pretty cool. Never thought to extend my painting into a 3d space so I might spend sometime messing around with it. I Also enjoy the way he layers different paint colours, just layering them no blending, while keeping texture too it as well. Its very pretty and clean.

Katharina Grosse:

“Untitled, 2012”
“Rockaway!, 2016”

Katharina is a German artist who uses a mix of sculpture, architecture and painting in her works. She’s known to create large-scale art pieces to create a more immersive experience for the audience. I Really enjoy the playful aspect and all the hot colour’s she uses in her works. Her work feels like a splash of imagination placed into certain sights to brighten up the world piece by piece. I also enjoy her use of spray paint and how she’s creates sharp edges with it while other parts flow together, its very abstract but I would like to incorporate her “craziness” into some of my future works.

Park Seo-Bo:

“Ecriture No.040720 & 040920, 2004” (2 Works)
“Ecriture No.890930, 1989”

Park is a Korean modern / abstract artist, he’s considered the “godfather” of monochromatic artworks in south Korea. He is most famous for his Ecriture paintings. His works seems to have more structure and patterns to the designs which makes it feel to me personally more refined. I really enjoy these works, Its a refreshing take on abstract painting, I would like to try and recreate the patterns and lines in his works and try and incorporate it into some of my art pieces to add some funk, texture and interest.

Joan Synder:

“Chant / Always, 2016”
“Autumn Song, 2002”

Joan is a multiple award winner American abstract painter, her newer works involve a lot more symbols and texts. Joan has done a lot of messing around with painting techniques which is clearly evident in her works. Looking at her works make me excited to create, I really enjoy her use of repetition of textures, texts and images. It really makes her work stand out from the rest and I will definitely be exploring theses types of art making in my future works.

Semester 2, Week 7

Added a few more works before tomorrows assessment, I started off by creating a presentation / timeline of a balloons life span, from that idea I wanted to do a time line of twisting / twirling the paper rolls and I like the way they turned out, very simple, clean and nice. Finally I went home and poured wax candles on a see through sheet of plastic, I wanted to play around with wax a little more and the effects of layering and time but I was running out of time but overall for the amount of time I was sick I’m happy with the outcome of my work.

Artist Research (2 of 3, Did one earlier on my blog):

Francis Alys: Francis works are quite random and really pull you attention from the simple action of pushing an ice block until it melts or walking with a paint bucket that has a whole in it. He works in every kind of medium , from painting to sculpture and from performance to film. His acts usually hold a deeper meanings behind them, poking fun at the problems in our society.

Nina Canell: Nina is very experimental in a usually sculptural context, she often creates works that try to convey the imperceptible dimensions of reality, such as; gravity, sound waves or even air. My Favourite work so far of hers is the “gum shelves” it’s what inspired me for the verb of droop and my candle wax piece.